3.1 Vertical Integration
Vatengi vakuru vezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakaderera-voltage mafekitori emidziyo yakaderera-voltage.Vashandisi vepakati ava vanotenga zvinhu zvemagetsi zvakaderera-voltage, vobva vazviunganidza mumaseti akazara ezvishandiso zvakaita semagetsi ekuparadzira mapaneru, mabhokisi ekugovera magetsi, mapaneru ekudzivirira, uye mapaneru ekudzora, vozozvitengesa kuvashandisi.Nekuvandudzwa kwekubatanidzwa kwakamira kwevagadziri, vagadziri vepakati uye vagadziri vechikamu vanoramba vachibatana: vagadziri vechinyakare vanongogadzira zvikamu vatangawo kugadzira seti yakakwana yemidziyo, uye vagadziri vepakati vepakati vakapindirawo mukugadzira yakaderera-. voltage magetsi zvikamu kuburikidza nekutora, majoint ventures, nezvimwewo.
3.2 The Belt and Road Initiative inosimudzira kudyidzana kwepasi rose
Iwo musimboti we "One Belt, One Road" zano kusimudzira kugadzirwa kweChina uye kuburitsa mari.Naizvozvo, seimwe yenyika yangu inotungamira maindasitiri, mutemo uye rutsigiro rwemari zvichabatsira nyika dziri munzira kuti ikurumidze kuvakwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, uye panguva imwecheteyo kuvhura musika wakafara wemagetsi emagetsi ekunze kwenyika.Southeast Asia, Central neSouth Asia, West Asia, Africa, Latin America nedzimwe nyika dziri kumashure mukuvaka kwemagetsi.Nekusimukira kuri kuita hupfumi hwenyika nekukwira kuri kuita magetsi, kuvakwa kwegetsi remagetsi kunoda kukurumidzirwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, kuvandudzwa kwemabhizinesi emidziyo yemumba munyika yedu kwakadzokera kumashure mune tekinoroji, kunovimba zvakanyanya nekunze kwenyika, uye hapana tsika yekudzivirira yenzvimbo.Naizvozvo, mabhizinesi eChinese anomhanyisa kukurumidza kwekudyidzana kwepasirese nekutora mukana weiyo spillover mhedzisiro yeBelt uye Road Initiative.Nyika yagara ichikoshesa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwemidziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage, uye yakapa rutsigiro rwemitemo uye kurudziro, sekudzoreredzwa kwemutero wekutengesa kunze kwenyika, kuzorora kwekodzero dzekunze uye kunze kwenyika, nezvimwewo. low-voltage magetsi zvigadzirwa zvakanaka chaizvo.
3.3 Shanduko kubva kune yakaderera kudzvanywa kuenda pakati uye yakakwira kudzvanywa
Mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi, iyo yakaderera-voltage indasitiri yemagetsi inozoona shanduko kubva pakaderera-voltage kuenda pakati-yakakwirira-voltage, analog zvigadzirwa kuenda kuzvigadzirwa zvedhijitari, kutengesa kwechigadzirwa kupedzisa seti yemapurojekiti, yepakati-yakaderera-kuguma kusvika pakati-yakakwirira. -kuguma, uye kuwedzera kukuru kwekufungisisa.Nekuwedzera kwemidziyo mikuru yekuremedza uye kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwesimba, kuitira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemutsara, nyika zhinji dzinosimudzira nesimba 660V voltage mumigodhi, petroleum, makemikari nemamwe maindasitiri.International Electrotechnical Commission inokurudzirawo zvakasimba 660V uye 1000V semagetsi echinangwa cheindasitiri, uye 660V yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemigodhi yenyika yangu.Mune ramangwana, midziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage inowedzera kuwedzera rated voltage, nekudaro ichitsiva yekutanga "yepakati-voltage magetsi emagetsi".Musangano muMannheim, Germany wakabvumawo kukwidza low voltage level kusvika 2000V.
3.4 Mugadziri-anotungamirwa, anotungamirwa nekuvandudza
Makambani emidziyo yemagetsi emudzimba akaderera-voltage kazhinji anoshaya akakwana akazvimirira ekugadzira hunyanzvi uye kushaya makwikwi emusika wepamusoro.Iko kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage inofanirwa kutariswa kubva pakuona kwekuvandudza sisitimu, asi zvakare kubva kune yakazara mhinduro yehurongwa, uye kubva kuhurongwa kusvika kune ese simba rekugovera, kudzivirira, uye kutonga zvikamu, kubva kune yakasimba ikozvino kusvika kune isina simba ikozvino inogona. kugadziriswa.Chizvarwa chitsva cheakangwara low-voltage midziyo yemagetsi ine hunhu hunoshamisa hwekuita kwepamusoro, multi-function, diki diki, kuvimbika kwepamusoro, girinhi kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza simba nekuchengetedza zvinhu.Pakati pavo, chizvarwa chitsva chepasirese redunhu mabreaker, akaumbwa kesi mabreaker, uye edunhu mabreak ane akasarudzika ekudzivirira anopa hwaro hweyangu-yakaderera-voltage simba rekugovera sisitimu yekuwana yakazara-rangi (kusanganisira terminal magetsi ekugovera system) uye yakazara-ikozvino. kuchengetedzwa kwakasarudzika, uye kupa hwaro hwekuvandudza yakaderera-voltage magetsi ekugovera masisitimu.Kuvimbika kwesimba remagetsi emagetsi kwakakosha zvikuru, uye ine tarisiro yakakura kwazvo yekusimudzira mumusika wepakati-kusvika-wepamusoro-soro [4].Pamusoro pezvo, chizvarwa chitsva chevanobatika, chizvarwa chitsva cheATSE, chizvarwa chitsva cheSPD uye mamwe mapurojekiti ari kuvandudzwa zvakare, zvichiwedzera simba rekutungamira indasitiri kusimudzira hunyanzvi hwakazvimirira muindasitiri uye kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwevakaderera. -voltage magetsi indasitiri.
3.5 Digitization, networking, hungwaru, uye kubatana
Kushandiswa kwematekinoroji matsva kwakapinza hutsva hutsva mukuvandudza zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakaderera-voltage.Munguva iyo zvinhu zvose zvakabatana uye zvinhu zvose zvine hungwaru, zvinogona kukonzera "shanduko" itsva yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakaderera.Midziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage inoita basa guru mushanduko iyi, uye ichashanda sechibatanidza chezvinhu zvose, kubatanidza zvitsuwa zvose zviri kure zvezvinhu zvose uye munhu wose kune ecosystem yakabatana.Kuti uone kubatana pakati pemidziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage uye network, zvirongwa zvitatu zvinowanzotorwa.Yekutanga ndeyekugadzira midziyo mitsva yekubatanidza, iyo yakabatana pakati petiweki uye yechinyakare yakaderera-voltage magetsi emagetsi;chechipiri ndechekutora kana kuwedzera komputa networking interface mabasa pane zvechinyakare zvigadzirwa;chechitatu ndechekugadzira zvakananga macomputer interfaces uye mabasa ekutaurirana emidziyo mitsva yemagetsi.
3.6 Chizvarwa chechina chemidziyo yemagetsi ine low-voltage ndiyo ichave huru
Yechina-yechina-yakaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi hazvingogari nhaka yezvigadzirwa zvechizvarwa chechitatu, asi zvakare inodzamisa hungwaru hunhu.Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanewo zvinoshamisa maficha akadai sekuita kwepamusoro, multi-function, miniaturization, kuvimbika kwakanyanya, girinhi kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza zvinhu.Zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvechokwadi zvinotyaira uye zvinotungamira mashandisirwo nekuvandudzwa kweiyo denderedzwa nyowani yetekinoroji uye zvigadzirwa mune yakaderera-voltage magetsi indasitiri, uye zvakare ichamhanyisa kukwidziridzwa kweiyo yakaderera-voltage magetsi chigadzirwa indasitiri.Muchokwadi, kukwikwidza mumusika wepasi-voltage magetsi ekushandisa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika kwagara kunotyisa.Mukupera kwema1990, kusimudzirwa uye kusimudzirwa kwechizvarwa chechitatu-yakaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi munyika yangu kwakabatana nekupedzwa uye kusimudzirwa kwechizvarwa chechitatu-yakaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.Schneider, Siemens, ABB, GE, Mitsubishi, Moeller, Fuji uye mamwe makuru ekunze akadzika-voltage anogadzira magetsi akateedzana akatangisa zvigadzirwa zvechizvarwa chechina.Zvigadzirwa zvine mabudiro matsva mune yakazara tekinoroji uye yehupfumi zviratidzo, chimiro chechigadzirwa uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, uye kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hutsva.Naizvozvo, kumhanyisa kutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye kukwidziridzwa kwechizvarwa chechina chepasi-voltage midziyo yemagetsi munyika yangu ichave yakatarisana neindasitiri kwenguva yenguva mune ramangwana.
3.7 Kuvandudza Maitiro eChigadzirwa Technology uye Kuita
Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemukati zvakaderera-voltage zviri kusimukira munzira yekushanda kwepamusoro, kuvimbika kwakanyanya, miniaturization, digitalization, modularization, musanganiswa, zvemagetsi, hungwaru, kutaurirana, uye generalization yezvikamu.Kune akawanda matekinoroji matsva anokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi yakaderera-voltage, yakadai seyemazuva ano kugadzira tekinoroji, tekinoroji yemagetsi, tekinoroji yekombuta, tekinoroji, tekinoroji yekukurukurirana, tekinoroji yehungwaru, tekinoroji yekuvimbika, tekinoroji yekuyedza, nezvimwewo. Mukuwedzera, kudiwa tarisa pane tekinoroji nyowani yekudzivirira kwepamusoro.Ichanyatso shandura iyo pfungwa yeyakaderera-voltage yedunhu breaker kusarudzwa.Parizvino, kunyangwe nyika yangu yakaderera-voltage simba rekugovera sisitimu uye yakaderera-voltage midziyo yemagetsi ine yakasarudzika dziviriro, yakasarudzika kudzivirira haina kukwana.Chizvarwa chitsva che low-voltage circuit breakers chinopa pfungwa ye-full-current uye yakazara-range yakasarudzika yekudzivirira.
3.8 Kuchinja kwemusika
Yakaderera-voltage magetsi emagetsi ekugadzira ayo asina simba rekugadzira, chigadzirwa dhizaini tekinoroji, kugona kwekugadzira uye michina ichasangana nekubviswa muindasitiri yekuvandudza.Mabhizinesi ane chizvarwa chechitatu nechina chezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvepakati nepamusoro-soro, zvine hunyanzvi hwavo hwekuvandudza uye michina yekugadzira yemhando yepamusoro inozomira pachena mumakwikwi emusika.Mamwe mabhizinesi anozopatsanura kuita maviri mazinga ediki nyanzvi uye yakakura generalization.Iyo yekutanga inomisikidzwa semusika wekuzadza uye icharamba ichibatanidza musika wayo wechigadzirwa;iyo yekupedzisira icharamba ichiwedzera chikamu chayo chemusika, kuvandudza mutsara wechigadzirwa, uye kuyedza kupa vashandisi masevhisi akazara.Vamwe vagadziri vachabuda muindasitiri iyi vopinda mune mamwe maindasitiri ari kuita mari yakawanda parizvino.
3.9 Kuvandudza kutungamira kweakaderera-voltage magetsi ekushandisa zviyero
Nekukwidziridzwa kwezvinhu zvakaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, iyo yakajairwa sisitimu inozovandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma.Mune ramangwana, kuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvepasi-voltage zvichanyanya kuratidzwa muzvigadzirwa zvehungwaru, nekukurukurirana, dhizaini yekuvimbika, uye kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza simba.Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuvandudza, mana ehunyanzvi zviyero zvinoda kuongororwa nekukurumidza: zviyero zvehunyanzvi zvinogona kuvhara kushanda kwakazara kwezvigadzirwa zvichangoburwa, kusanganisira tekinoroji mashandiro, mashandiro ekushandisa, uye kugadzirisa maitiro;kutaurirana kwechigadzirwa uye kuita kwechigadzirwa uye kutaurirana zvinodiwa.Kudyidzana kwakanaka;gadzira kuvimbika uye bvunzo nzira zviyero zvezvigadzirwa zvine hukama kuti uvandudze kuvimbika kwechigadzirwa uye mhando yechigadzirwa, uye kuwedzera kugona kukwikwidza nezvigadzirwa zvekunze;gadzira nhevedzano yezvakatipoteredza dhizaini dhizaini uye mashandiro emagetsi emagetsi akaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa, tungamira uye Kumisikidza kugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwesimba rekuchengetedza uye rinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze "midziyo yemagetsi yakasvibirira" [5].
3.10 Green Revolution
Shanduko yakasvibira yekabhoni yakaderera, kuchengetedza simba, kuchengetedza zvinhu uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya pasirese.Dambudziko repasi rose rekuchengetedza ecological rinomiririrwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze rave kuwedzera mukurumbira, uye tekinoroji yakaderera-voltage yemagetsi uye tekinoroji yekuchengetedza simba yave muganhu neHot nzvimbo dzemakwikwi ehunyanzvi.Kune vashandisiwo zvavo, mukuwedzera kune kunaka uye mutengo weakaderera-voltage midziyo yemagetsi, ivo vari kubhadhara zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutarisisa kwekuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kuita kwezvigadzirwa.Pamusoro pezvo, zviri pamutemo, nyika yakaitawo zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza-simba kuita kweakaderera-voltage zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoshandiswa nemabhizinesi nevashandisi vekuvaka maindasitiri.Ndiwo maitiro akajairwa kugadzira midziyo yemagetsi yakasvibira uye inochengetedza simba ine kukwikwidza kwepakati uye kupa vatengi mhinduro dzemagetsi dzakachengeteka, dzakangwara uye dzakasvibira.Kuuya kwegirinhi shanduko kunounza matambudziko uye mikana kune vanogadzira mune yakaderera-voltage magetsi indasitiri [5].
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2022
